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Document 3072
DOCN M94A3072
TI The epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in the Western Pacific Region: an
opportunity for prevention.
DT 9412
AU Sarda R; Petersen G; Gertig D; Effler P; WHO Regional Office for the
Western Pacific.
SO Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):16 (abstract no. 037C). Unique
Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94369503
AB OBJECTIVE: To develop a concise overview of the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS
in the Western Pacific Region. METHODS: Examination of official
surveillance reports and reviews of serosurveys conducted at sentinel
sites within Member States. RESULTS: Collection of epidemiologic data on
HIV and AIDS has been ongoing in the Western Pacific Region since 1985.
Available evidence suggests that the HIV epidemic is at an earlier stage
in this region, as compared to other parts of the world. As of January
1994, there have been no AIDS cases reported from 11 pacific island
nations at 8 of these have no documented reports of HIV infection. In
contrast to this, the remaining 24 countries of the region have reported
a total of 5851 AIDS cases, and 31,665 infections of HIV. Three
countries, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan account for 89 and 66
percent of all reports of AIDS and HIV respectively. In Australia and
New Zealand, where more than half of all HIV infections have been
attributed to male homosexual contact, HIV incidence rates have
stabilized in recent years. Malaysia, Viet Nam and China however have
experienced dramatic increases in HIV infection rates since 1990; IV
drug use accounts for a total of 6699 HIV infections in these countries
and greater than 90% of the known risk exposures. Heterosexual contact
is the major risk factor for HIV transmission among other nations
reporting recent escalations in incidence, such as the Philippines,
Macao, and Cambodia. Mother to infant transmission is still relatively
rare in the region with just 61 perinatal infections reported to date.
CONCLUSIONS: The distinct epidemiologic patterns found within east Asia
and the Pacific reflect the diverse geographic and cultural landscape of
this region. For many countries the HIV epidemic is just beginning to
accelerate. A window of opportunity exists at present when strategies to
prevent the spread of HIV must be aggressively implemented.
DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL
Australia/EPIDEMIOLOGY Human HIV Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PREVENTION &
CONTROL/TRANSMISSION HIV Seroprevalence Incidence Japan/EPIDEMIOLOGY
New Zealand/EPIDEMIOLOGY Pacific Islands/EPIDEMIOLOGY
Seroepidemiologic Methods MEETING ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).